Which term refers to the harmful effect of a drug?

• A. Side effect
• B. Trade/Brand name
• C. Generic name
• D. Toxicity

Answer: (D)

Toxicity describes the harmful effect a drug can have on the body. It encompasses damage to organs or systems that occurs when a drug is taken in excess, for too long, or in individuals who are particularly sensitive. This term is about harm, not just any observed effect.

In contrast, a side effect is an additional, usually unintended effect that accompanies the desired action of a drug and is not necessarily harmful; some side effects are mild or expected. The other options refer to naming and branding rather than harm: a brand name is the marketed name, and the generic name is the official nonproprietary name.